Takotsubo syndrome and left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy: Casualty or causality?

Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is a condition of transient regional ventricular systolic dysfunction, usually presenting with acute chest pain and/or dyspnea, that is increasingly recognized especially in post-menopausal women following a psychological or physical stress. Initially considered as a benign condition with an isolated and self-limiting episode, it is now recognized that it is associated with a significant risk of in-hospital mortality and of recurrence. We herein describe a case of a 61-year-old female with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) who experienced a recurrence of TS, highlighting the potential pathophysiological role for LVNC in predisposing this syndrome and its recurrence. Moreover, we underscored possible therapeutic implications deriving from this case.