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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

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Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

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Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
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SPINK-1 Polymorphism as a Pancreatitis Risk Factor.

Leon D Averbukh1, Marianna G Mavilia1

  • 1Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Hartford, USA.

Cureus
|March 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors, like the SPINK-1 polymorphism, contribute to pancreatitis risk. This case highlights the need for genetic screening to identify individuals susceptible to pancreatitis.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Genetics

Background:

  • Pancreatitis, acute and chronic, is a prevalent global health issue.
  • Common causes include gallstones and alcohol abuse.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a significant role for genetic factors.

Observation:

  • A middle-aged male experienced recurrent pancreatitis.
  • This occurred in the context of a serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK-1) genetic polymorphism.

Findings:

  • The SPINK-1 gene polymorphism is linked to pancreatitis development.
  • The precise mechanisms by which SPINK-1 variants contribute to pancreatitis require further elucidation.

Implications:

  • Genetic screening for SPINK-1 polymorphisms may aid in identifying at-risk populations.
Keywords:
geneticspancreatitisspink-1

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  • Understanding genetic predispositions can improve pancreatitis management and prevention strategies.