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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Group therapy is a sociocultural approach to psychological treatment, where individuals with shared psychological challenges come together under the guidance of a mental health professional. This therapeutic modality offers unique opportunities for individuals to connect, share, and grow within the context of a supportive group. By fostering mutual understanding and collaboration, group therapy can address a range of psychological concerns effectively, often complementing or surpassing the...
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease
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Maintenance therapy for teeth and implants.

Andrea Mombelli1

  • 1Division of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Periodontology 2000
|March 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Long-term periodontal and implant success requires diligent maintenance care, focusing on biofilm control and managing risk factors. This lifelong therapy emphasizes close patient-team collaboration to address recurrent disease and inflammation effectively.

Keywords:
cumulative interceptive supportive therapyimplant maintenancelong-term resultsmaintenance guidelinesmechanical instrumentationpatient roleperiodontal maintenancerisk factorssupportive therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Periodontology
  • Implantology

Background:

  • Maintenance care is crucial for the long-term success of periodontal and implant treatments.
  • Maintenance therapy extends beyond prophylaxis to manage recurrent or persistent diseases.
  • Lifelong collaboration between patients and dental teams is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline guidelines for evaluating periodontal tissue response during maintenance.
  • To present a comprehensive maintenance protocol for periodontal and implant therapy.
  • To discuss the management of residual pockets and peri-implant tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Describing guidelines for evaluating periodontal tissue response.
  • Outlining a structured maintenance protocol.
  • Considering and evaluating various treatment approaches for residual pockets.
  • Discussing peri-implant tissue evaluation and cumulative interceptive supportive therapy.

Main Results:

  • Established guidelines for assessing periodontal tissue response.
  • Presented a detailed maintenance protocol.
  • Evaluated diverse treatment strategies for residual pockets.
  • Provided insights into peri-implant tissue assessment and supportive therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Effective maintenance care is mandatory for sustained periodontal and implant treatment outcomes.
  • Close patient-dental team collaboration is imperative for biofilm control and risk factor management.
  • Specific protocols for evaluating tissues and managing residual issues are vital for long-term success.