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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies
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Citrullination in Cancer.

Arseniy E Yuzhalin1

  • 1CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, United Kingdom. arseniy.yuzhalin@oncology.ox.ac.uk.

Cancer Research
|March 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Arginine deimination, or citrullination, significantly impacts cancer progression by influencing apoptosis, metastasis, and immune responses. Further research is crucial to explore its role in tumor biology and potential therapeutic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Posttranslational modifications, including arginine deimination (citrullination), are linked to various diseases.
  • Citrullination plays a key role in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.
  • Emerging evidence highlights citrullination's involvement in cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of citrullination's influence on tumor biology.
  • To critically analyze findings related to citrullination in cancer.
  • To explore potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of citrullination in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of existing research.
  • Synthesis of findings on citrullination's role in apoptosis, differentiation, EMT, and metastasis.

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  • Discussion of citrullinated antigens in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Examination of citrullination as a cancer biomarker.
  • Review of neutrophil extracellular traps' implication in tumorigenesis.

    • Main Results:

    • Citrullination influences apoptosis and differentiation in cancer cells.
    • Citrullination promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis.
    • Citrullinated antigens show potential for cancer immunotherapy.
    • Citrullination serves as a potential cancer biomarker.
    • Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to tumorigenesis through citrullination.

    Conclusions:

    • Arginine deimination is significantly involved in multiple facets of tumor biology.
    • Further basic and translational studies are necessary to fully understand and leverage citrullination in cancer.
    • Citrullination represents a promising target for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.