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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Dimensional Analysis of CD44High CD24Low and Ki67 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Betty Tan1, Mpu Kanoko2, Gino Tan3
1Department of Anatomic Pathology of Medical Faculty, University of Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr Mansyur No 5, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Aim:
To study the dimensional analysis CD44high CD24low and Ki67 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with breast cancer in Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan from 2013 to 2016 to determine the frequency and pathologic features of TNBC by immunohistochemistry stained.
Results:
By using immunohistochemistry staining panel of CD44, CD24, Twist, Claudin 7, CK5, CK8/18, EMA, E-Cadherin, Ki-67, a total 67 breast tumour samples with TNBC were classified as 9 stem-cells like 1 basal, 22 baso-luminal, and 23 luminal subtypes.
Conclusion:
By using immunohistochemical staining panel, TNBC can be differentiated into stem cells like basal, baso-luminal and luminal subtypes. Didifferentiation and EMT can produce heterogeneity in TNBC subtypes and this will affect in handling TNBC. Stemness in stem cells- like subtypes are resistant to therapy. Therefore, TNBC needs special attention in order to assist in more optimal handling.
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