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Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia: A rare entity.

Yin-Lin Wang1,2,3, Hsing-Han Pan1,2, Hsiao-Hua Chang1,2,3

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Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia (CHH), a rare dental anomaly, presents with both missing and extra teeth. Familial occurrence suggests genetic factors, while environmental influences may modify phenotypes, aiding diagnosis and treatment.

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Numeric anomalyPremaxillarySupernumeraryTooth agenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia (CHH) is a rare dental anomaly involving congenital missing and supernumerary teeth in the same individual.
  • The etiology of CHH remains largely unknown due to its rarity and sporadic nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize CHH cases for improved clinical diagnosis and treatment.
  • To facilitate the identification of etiological factors contributing to CHH.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of 21 CHH subjects from a pedodontic population.
  • Analysis of dental records and radiographs for tooth distribution and anomalies.
  • Literature review of 59 additional CHH cases for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • CHH affects males twice as often as females.
  • Most cases were sporadic, but familial occurrences (sisters, identical twins) were noted.
  • Bimaxillary CHH was more common than maxillary CHH; supernumeraries were in the premaxillary region, while hypodontia often involved incisors and premolars.

Conclusions:

  • Familial occurrence and syndromic cases suggest a genetic contribution to CHH.
  • Environmental factors may influence CHH phenotype.
  • Radiographs in early mixed dentition aid CHH diagnosis and treatment.