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Remineralization effects when using different methods to apply fluoride varnish in vitro.

Han-Na Kim1, Jin-Bom Kim2,3, Seung-Hwa Jeong2,3

  • 1Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Daesung-ro 298, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea.

Journal of Dental Sciences
|March 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Fluoride varnish (FV) shows higher remineralization efficacy when applied indirectly versus directly to early caries lesions. This study found indirect application improved acid resistance more effectively than direct application for dental caries treatment.

Keywords:
Artificial caries lesionDemineralizationEnamelFluoride varnishRemineralizationVickers hardness number

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Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Caries prevention and management

Background:

  • Early caries lesions present a challenge in restorative dentistry.
  • Fluoride varnish (FV) is a common treatment for early caries.
  • The method of FV application (direct vs. indirect) may influence its remineralization efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the direct and indirect remineralization efficacies of four different fluoride varnishes on artificial caries lesions.
  • To evaluate the acid resistance of lesions remineralized by fluoride varnish and artificial saliva.

Main Methods:

  • An in vitro study utilizing 126 bovine demineralized specimens.
  • Specimens were divided into four fluoride varnish groups and a negative control group.
  • Vickers microhardness number (VHN) was measured to assess remineralization and re-demineralization effects after immersion in artificial saliva.

Main Results:

  • Indirect remineralization resulted in a significantly higher ΔVHN (134.4 ± 31.5) compared to direct remineralization (66.8 ± 27.9).
  • All tested fluoride varnishes demonstrated significant differences between direct and indirect application methods.
  • Remineralized specimens from all fluoride varnish groups exhibited enhanced acid resistance compared to the negative control group.

Conclusions:

  • The remineralization effect of fluoride varnishes is more pronounced in the vicinity of, rather than directly underneath, the treated surface.
  • Indirect application of fluoride varnish appears to be a more effective strategy for remineralizing early caries lesions.
  • Fluoride varnish treatment enhances the acid resistance of artificial caries lesions.