Aqua cycling for immunological recovery after intensive, eccentric exercise
Niklas Joisten1, David Walzik1, Alexander Schenk1
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
European Journal of Applied Physiology
|March 22, 2019
Summary
Aqua cycling (AC) caused a stronger, though not prolonged, immune disturbance compared to passive recovery after intense exercise. This suggests AC may impact immune recovery differently in athletes.
Area of Science:
- Exercise immunology
- Sports science
- Recovery strategies
Background:
- Acute exercise significantly alters immunological homeostasis.
- Rapid recovery is crucial for athletes facing repetitive training stimuli.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of aqua cycling on cellular immunological recovery post-intense exercise.
- To compare aqua cycling recovery with passive recovery.
Main Methods:
- Male students (n=20) performed 300 maximal countermovement jumps.
- Participants were randomized to either aqua cycling (AC) or passive recovery (P) for 30 minutes.
- Blood samples analyzed for white blood cell (WBC) counts, lymphocyte (LYM) counts, CD4/CD8 ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII).
Main Results:
- Both groups showed elevated WBC, NLR, and SII up to 4 hours post-recovery.
- Aqua cycling resulted in higher WBC, NLR, and SII values compared to passive recovery at specific time points (Post-recovery, 2h, 4h).
- A significant interaction effect was observed for the CD4/CD8 ratio at 2 hours post-recovery, favoring passive recovery.
Conclusions:
- Aqua cycling induced a more pronounced, but not extended, immunological disturbance than passive recovery.
- Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) may serve as effective markers for assessing exercise-induced immune changes in athletes.
- Further research is needed to clarify the clinical and practical implications of these findings.
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