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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

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Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Novel Percutaneous Approach for Deployment of 3D Printed Coronary Stenosis Implants in Swine Models of Ischemic Heart Disease
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Subsequent Event Risk in Individuals With Established Coronary Heart Disease.

Riyaz S Patel1,2, Vinicius Tragante3, Amand F Schmidt1,3

  • 1Institute of Cardiovascular Science (R.S.P., A.F.S., L.J.H., K.D., J.D., A.D.H., F.W.A), Faculty of Population Health Science, University College London, United Kingdom.

Circulation. Genomic and Precision Medicine
|March 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium identifies genetic risk factors for secondary heart events. This global effort uses federated analysis to improve risk prediction and find new treatments for patients with existing coronary heart disease.

Keywords:
coronary artery diseasegeneticsmyocardial infarctionprognosissecondary prevention

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was formed to discover and validate genetic variants and biomarkers for subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events in individuals with established CHD.
  • It aims to improve risk prediction and identify novel therapeutic targets for secondary prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To facilitate the discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers associated with the risk of subsequent CHD events.
  • To improve residual risk prediction in individuals with established CHD.
  • To identify novel drug targets for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

  • The GENIUS-CHD consortium comprises 57 studies across 18 countries, including 185,614 participants with a history of acute coronary syndrome or stable CHD.
  • Biological samples were collected, and participants were followed prospectively for subsequent cardiovascular events.
  • A federated analysis approach was employed for initial feasibility analyses.

Main Results:

  • Initial federated analyses confirmed expected associations between age, male sex, and smoking with the risk of subsequent CHD death or myocardial infarction.
  • Hazard ratios indicated increased risk with age (1.15 per 5-year increase), male sex (1.17), and smoking (1.43).
  • Differing associations were observed for other individual and composite cardiovascular endpoints.

Conclusions:

  • GENIUS-CHD is a global collaboration focused on understanding genetic and non-genetic determinants of subsequent event risk in patients with established CHD.
  • The consortium has demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of a federated analysis approach.
  • Future plans include initiating novel hypothesis testing and supporting replication/validation analyses for other researchers.