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Optimizing neuromuscular electrical stimulation for hand opening.

Maxim Shapiro1, Uri Gottlieb1,2, Shmuel Springer1

  • 1a Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ariel University , Ariel , Israel.

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|March 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Introducing a 100µs interphase interval (IPI) to biphasic electrical stimulation enhances wrist and finger extensor force production without increasing discomfort. Optimal electrode placement is also proximal for improved comfort and reduced muscle fatigue.

Keywords:
Neuromuscular electrical stimulationinterphase intervalmuscle fatiguemuscle force

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Area of Science:

  • Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Electrical stimulation is used to activate muscles.
  • Optimizing stimulation parameters is crucial for effective muscle activation and patient comfort.
  • The interphase interval (IPI) of biphasic pulses may influence muscle response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of IPI on force production and muscle fatigue in wrist and finger extensors.
  • To determine if the IPI's effect on force is dependent on electrode positioning.

Main Methods:

  • Measured electrically-induced contraction forces in 15 healthy subjects.
  • Assessed IPI settings of 0, 100, and 200µs with proximal and distal electrode placements.
  • Evaluated discomfort using a numeric rating scale and muscle fatigue during repetitive stimulation.

Main Results:

  • A 100µs or 200µs IPI enhanced force production under both electrode placements.
  • Only the 100µs IPI increased force without increasing discomfort.
  • Proximal electrode placement resulted in more comfortable stimulation sensation and increased muscle force output during fatigue protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should consider proximal electrode placement and a 100µs IPI for neuromuscular electrical stimulation of wrist and finger extensors.
  • This approach enhances force output and comfort, and may reduce muscle fatigue.
  • Future research should validate these findings in patient populations, particularly those with hand spasticity.