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High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents HPHC

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Clioquinol: To harm or heal.

Dominique R Perez¹, Larry A Sklar², Alexandre Chigaev²

¹University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

|March 23, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Clioquinol, once safe, caused subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON). New research on its targets and genetic factors may unlock cancer and neurodegenerative disease treatments.

Keywords:

ABC transporters Alzheimer's disease Cancer Clioquinol Neurodegenerative diseases Pharmacogenomics SNPs

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Neuroscience
Oncology

Background:

Clioquinol was a widely used antifungal and antiprotozoal drug.
Its use was halted due to a link with subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON), primarily in Japan.
Recent research offers new interpretations of clioquinol's effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To re-evaluate clioquinol's mechanism of action and safety profile.
To explore the role of genetic variations in Japanese populations related to clioquinol.
To investigate clioquinol's potential in treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on clioquinol's pharmacology.
Analysis of genetic data concerning efflux transporters in the Japanese population.
Exploration of clioquinol's effects on cAMP efflux and apoptosis.

Main Results:

New insights into clioquinol's targets and mechanisms have emerged.
Genetic variations (SNPs) in efflux transporters may explain population-specific effects.
Clioquinol's inhibition of cAMP efflux and promotion of apoptosis are key findings.

Conclusions:

Understanding clioquinol's complex pharmacology is crucial.
Genetic factors influence clioquinol's efficacy and toxicity.
Clioquinol shows potential for novel therapeutic applications in oncology and neurology.