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Neutrophils: back in the thrombosis spotlight
Denis F Noubouossie1, Brandi N Reeves1, Brian D Strahl2
1Department of Medicine.
Blood
|March 23, 2019
Summary
Neutrophils may contribute to thrombosis not by initiating coagulation directly, but potentially by acquiring tissue factor or via neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) activating the contact system. Further research is needed to clarify their precise role in clot formation.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Neutrophil expansion is linked to thrombosis, but their direct role in coagulation remains debated.
- While monocytes activate coagulation via tissue factor, neutrophils' procoagulant capacity is uncertain.
- Neutrophils do not synthesize tissue factor but may acquire it from monocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically appraise the potential roles of neutrophils in thrombosis.
- To identify knowledge gaps regarding neutrophil-derived procoagulant activities.
- To explore the contribution of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to coagulation.
Main Methods:
- Review and critical appraisal of existing literature on neutrophils and thrombosis.
- Analysis of evidence regarding tissue factor acquisition by neutrophils.
- Evaluation of the role of NETs and the contact system in neutrophil-mediated thrombosis.
Main Results:
- Normal neutrophils do not synthesize tissue factor but may acquire it.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may activate the contact system, enhancing coagulation in some models.
- Evidence for neutrophils' direct role in thrombosis is conflicting; NETs might promote vessel occlusion independently of fibrin.
Conclusions:
- Neutrophils' procoagulant mechanisms in thrombosis are not fully understood.
- NETs may contribute to thrombosis by localizing coagulation factors or causing vessel occlusion.
- Further research into neutrophil-derived chromatin and molecular components is crucial for developing anti-thrombotic strategies.
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