Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
Data are classified based on whether they are measurable or not. Categorical data cannot be measured; instead, it can be divided into categories. For example, if Y denotes a person's party affiliation, some examples of Y include...

The Auditory Ossicles

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...

Auditory Pathway

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...

Auditory Perception

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...

Optimal Foraging

Optimal Foraging

How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.

Optimization Problems

Optimization Problems

Optimization problems often involve identifying maximum or minimum values under specific constraints. A well-known example is determining the longest horizontal pipe that can be moved around a right-angled corner, where a 3-meter-wide hallway meets a 2-meter-wide hallway. This scenario, common in architectural design and industrial transport, can be understood conceptually through geometric and trigonometric reasoning.To visualize the problem, consider the pipe as a straight line that touches...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Multiparametric Classification of Pure-tone Responses Distinguishes Neurons in Inferior Colliculus Subdivisions.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Behavioral engagement facilitates auditory neuron responses beyond their receptive fields.

PLoS biology·2026

Same author

Location-specific neural facilitation in marmoset auditory cortex.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Multiple processes of vocal sensory-motor interaction in primate auditory cortex.

Nature communications·2024

Same author

Evolutionary continuity and divergence of auditory dorsal and ventral pathways in primates revealed by ultra-high field diffusion MRI.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024

Same author

Frontal cortex activity during the production of diverse social communication calls in marmoset monkeys.

Nature communications·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Published on: October 8, 2014

Optimal features for auditory categorization.

Shi Tong Liu¹, Pilar Montes-Lourido², Xiaoqin Wang³

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.

Nature Communications

|March 23, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that identifying key features in animal vocalizations allows for accurate classification, regardless of production variations. This approach aids in understanding auditory perception and neural representations of sound.

More Related Videos

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Published on: October 8, 2014

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Bioacoustics
Computational Auditory Processing

Background:

Vocalizations are crucial for interspecies communication.
Auditory perception must overcome natural variability in vocal production to categorize sounds like 'words' or 'call types'.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate that classifying vocalizations is achievable by detecting mid-level acoustic features.
To identify the minimal set of features required for accurate call classification across species.

Main Methods:

A greedy search algorithm was employed to select the most informative and least redundant features from marmoset calls.
Feature-selective neural tuning properties were predicted and compared against empirical auditory cortical responses.

Main Results:

Production-invariant classification of vocalizations was achieved by detecting mid-level features.
High classification accuracy was obtained using a small number of features (10-20) per call type.
Predicted neural tuning properties aligned with observed auditory cortical responses.

Conclusions:

Task-dependent features, optimized for specific goals, likely underlie high-level neural sound representations.
The feature-based classification approach is effective for diverse species and complex tasks like caller identification.