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Related Concept Videos

Elements and Compounds01:27

Elements and Compounds

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Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more types of atoms held together by a chemical bond.
Elements
Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units. They are unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that cannot break down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions. There...
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Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

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The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
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Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

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Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
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Classification of Elements and Compounds02:54

Classification of Elements and Compounds

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Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more types of atoms held together by a chemical bond. Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units.
Compounds are pure substances composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions. Compounds are classified as ionic or molecular (covalent) based on the bonds...
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Elements: Chemical Symbols and Isotopes02:31

Elements: Chemical Symbols and Isotopes

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A chemical symbol is an abbreviation used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. The same symbol is used to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
Some symbols are derived from the common English name of the element; others are abbreviations of the name in another language — Latin, Greek or German. For example, the symbol for aluminum (common name)...
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A Burrowing/Tunneling Assay for Detection of Hypoxia in Drosophila melanogaster Larvae
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Hypoxia Reporter Element Assay.

Daelynn R Buelow1, Sharyn D Baker1

  • 1Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

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|March 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details using a dual-reporter assay to measure BMX gene expression under hypoxic conditions, revealing cellular responses to low oxygen environments. This method enhances accuracy in studying oxygen-regulated gene transcription.

Keywords:
HypoxiaLuciferaseRegulationReporter assayTranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Physiology

Background:

  • Hypoxia, a state of reduced oxygen supply, significantly impacts cellular function and gene expression.
  • Oxygen-regulated genes are crucial for cellular adaptation to environmental changes.
  • Reporter assays are vital tools for studying gene expression dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a protocol for measuring BMX gene expression under hypoxic conditions.
  • To demonstrate the utility of the LightSwitch Dual Assay System for studying oxygen-regulated genes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the LightSwitch Dual Assay System, a dual-reporter assay.
  • Measured BMX gene expression in response to controlled hypoxic conditions.
  • Employed simultaneous measurement of two genes within single cells for enhanced accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Successfully measured BMX expression levels under hypoxia using the dual-reporter system.
  • Demonstrated the system's capability to detect transcriptional changes in response to oxygen levels.

Conclusions:

  • The LightSwitch Dual Assay System provides an accurate method for studying gene expression, such as BMX, under hypoxic stress.
  • This protocol facilitates research into cellular responses to hypoxia and the regulation of oxygen-sensitive genes.