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Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
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Review and Preview01:13

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Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
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Random and Systematic Errors01:20

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Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
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Systematic Sampling Method01:17

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
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Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

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The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
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In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Work after prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Vanette McLennan1,2, Dominika Ludvik3, Suzanne Chambers3,4,5,6

  • 1Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia. v.mclennan@griffith.edu.au.

Journal of Cancer Survivorship : Research and Practice
|March 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Returning to work after prostate cancer is generally positive, but challenges exist for those in physically demanding jobs or with health issues. Further research on vocational rehabilitation is needed.

Keywords:
EmploymentProstate cancerReturn to workVocational rehabilitationWork

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Occupational Health
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Vocational rehabilitation for prostate cancer survivors is under-researched.
  • Prostate cancer diagnosis impacts employment, necessitating tailored support.
  • Understanding return-to-work factors is crucial for survivorship care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current trends in vocational rehabilitation for prostate cancer survivors.
  • To identify facilitators and barriers to returning to work post-diagnosis.
  • To evaluate the existing body of research in this specialized area.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted in March 2018.
  • Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Inclusion of 47 original research papers involving 20,083 prostate cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • Prostate cancer patients generally have a positive return-to-work prognosis.
  • Findings may not apply to individuals in physically demanding or low-paid jobs.
  • Comorbidities and poor physical functioning can affect employment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Limited research exists on long-term employment implications, including job retention and early retirement.
  • Key facilitators and barriers to employment have been identified.
  • Implications for vocational interventions and future research directions are discussed.