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Body Composition Using Air Displacement Plethysmography in Children With Intestinal Failure Receiving Long-Term Home

Esther Neelis1, Stefanie Kouwenhoven2, Joanne Olieman3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|March 23, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with intestinal failure on parenteral nutrition have altered body composition, with lower fat-free mass and higher fat mass. Similar growth parameters can mask diverse body compositions in these pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Children with intestinal failure (IF) face growth challenges.
  • Limited data exists on their body composition.
  • Assessing body composition is crucial for understanding IF-related growth issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess body composition in children with IF using air displacement plethysmography (ADP).
  • To correlate body composition with clinical and growth parameters.
  • To identify potential targets for tailored interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, observational, 2-center cohort study.
  • Included children aged 2-18 years on home parenteral nutrition (PN) for ≥6 months.
  • ADP used to measure fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) standard deviation scores (SDSs).

Main Results:

  • 21 children (median age 7.4 years) successfully underwent ADP.
  • Children were lighter and shorter than average, with 52% below target height.
  • Significantly low FFMI (SDS -1.53) and high FMI (SDS 0.80) were observed.
  • Body composition varied even among children with similar weight and height.
  • Growth and body composition remained stable over a 1-year follow-up in 13 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Children with IF on long-term PN exhibit lower fat-free mass and higher fat mass compared to healthy peers.
  • Routine growth parameters do not fully capture body composition differences.
  • Patient-tailored approaches considering physical activity and nutrition based on body composition are warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
body compositiongrowthintestinal failureparenteral nutrition

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