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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Published on: September 13, 2015
Brian M Ilfeld1, Scott T Ball1, Steven P Cohen2
1University of California San Diego, 200 W Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA.
Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) offers a non-opioid solution for orthopedic trauma pain. This therapy shows potential for reducing opioid use and improving function after surgery.
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