Novel miRNA-based biomarker panel for detection β₂-agonists in goats

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Pharmacology
• Molecular Biology
• Biomarker Discovery

Background:

• Beta2-agonists are used to promote growth in livestock but their illegal use poses food safety risks.
• Identifying reliable biomarkers is crucial for monitoring the illicit administration of these substances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To screen and validate microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for detecting beta2-agonist exposure in goats.
• To establish a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network to understand the mechanism of beta2-agonists.

Main Methods:

• MicroRNA sequencing was performed on goat samples exposed to beta2-agonists.
• Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for miRNA validation.
• Target gene prediction and network analysis were employed to build a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network.
• In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted, along with DD-SIMCA and heatmap analysis.

Main Results:

• Ten selected miRNAs were identified as capable of separating beta2-agonist-treated groups from controls.
• A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed, validating the identified miRNA biomarkers.
• In vivo experiments confirmed the regulatory trends observed in vitro.
• DD-SIMCA and heatmap analyses demonstrated the efficacy of the 10 miRNAs in separating sample groups.

Conclusions:

• The 10 identified miRNAs serve as effective biomarkers for monitoring the illegal use of beta2-agonists in goats.
• These biomarkers provide a valuable tool for ensuring food safety and regulatory compliance.
• The study offers insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying beta2-agonist action.