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Asian longhorned beetle bioassays to evaluate formulation and dose-response effects of Metarhizium microsclerotia

Eric H Clifton1, Sana Gardescu1, Robert W Behle2

  • 1Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
|March 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Metarhizium brunneum fungus effectively controls invasive Asian longhorned beetles (ALB). Formulated microsclerotia achieved 100% adult ALB mortality in field trials, demonstrating a promising biocontrol strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Biological Control
  • Forestry

Background:

  • Asian longhorned beetles (Anoplophora glabripennis) are destructive invasive wood-boring insects.
  • Metarhizium brunneum is a fungal pathogen known to infect and kill various insects, including ALB.
  • Dried microsclerotia of M. brunneum can be formulated for delayed release of infective conidia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of formulated Metarhizium brunneum microsclerotia as a biocontrol agent against Asian longhorned beetles.
  • To assess the impact of a humectant hydrogel on the efficacy of the fungal formulation.
  • To determine the dose-response relationship between fungal application rate and ALB mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Wood samples treated with M. brunneum microsclerotia were deployed in the Ohio ALB-eradication zone.
  • Adult ALB were exposed to treated wood samples under field conditions.
  • Mortality rates were recorded, and formulation components (humectant hydrogel) and application rates were varied.

Main Results:

  • Formulated microsclerotia applied to wood samples resulted in 100% mortality of exposed adult ALB within four weeks.
  • The inclusion of humectant hydrogel in the formulation did not significantly enhance ALB mortality.
  • A clear dose-response relationship was observed, with higher application rates and conidial densities leading to decreased ALB survival.

Conclusions:

  • Metarhizium brunneum, formulated as dried microsclerotia, is a highly effective agent for controlling adult Asian longhorned beetles.
  • The tested formulation shows significant potential for use in ALB eradication programs.
  • Further research into optimizing application rates and formulation stability is warranted.
Keywords:
Anoplophora glabripennisAsian longhorned beetleBiological controlEntomopathogenic fungiInvasive pestMetarhizium brunneum

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