Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 27, 2026
Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
Published on: June 25, 2018
Activated complex theory of nucleation
1Institute of the Earth Cryosphere, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1230, 625000, Tyumen, Russia. vlasov.ikz@gmail.com.
Abstract:
A new nucleation theory is presented. This theory is based on the assumption that a critical nucleus of the new phase can be regarded as an activated complex that passes through the top of the energy barrier. In the framework of the proposed approach, an equation in a general form for the nucleation rate is obtained. This equation is used to obtain the calculated data in the case of homogeneous nucleation at the vapor-liquid, liquid-vapor, and liquid-solid phase transitions. A comparison of the calculated data with the available experimental data as well as with the calculated data obtained in the framework of the classical nucleation theory is carried out. From a comparison between the calculated data obtained in the framework of the presented theory and the experimental data for the supercooled water-ice phase transition, the dependence on temperature of the surface tension coefficient between supercooled water and ice is determined.
Related Concept Videos
02:58Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
02:46Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
02:42Valence Bond Theory
02:35Band Theory
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
02:31Scientific Laws and Theories
00:56Attribution Theory