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Enhancing EIA systems in developing countries: A focus on capacity development in the case of Iran
Fatemeh Khosravi1, Urmila Jha-Thakur1, Thomas B Fischer2
1Environmental Assessment and Management Research Centre, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, 74 Bedford Street South, Liverpool L69 7ZT, England, UK.
The Science of the Total Environment
|March 25, 2019
Summary
Recommendations to improve Iran's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system should prioritize context. Overhauling legislation is not feasible short-term; focus instead on environmental awareness and capacity building for gradual EIA improvement.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Environmental Policy
- Sustainable Development
Background:
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) systems require context-specific recommendations for effectiveness.
- Developing countries often adopt recommendations from developed nations, leading to poor adaptation.
- Iran's EIA system suffers from legislative deficiencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of implementing recommendations to enhance Iran's EIA effectiveness.
- To analyze the contextual factors influencing EIA system improvements in Iran.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on EIA recommendations and developing country contexts.
- Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in Iran's EIA system.
Main Results:
- Directly overhauling Iran's EIA legislative framework is not feasible in the short term due to contextual factors.
- Improving environmental awareness and human capacity are crucial for gradual enhancement of the EIA system.
- Strengthening EIA legislation can be achieved over time through capacity development.
Conclusions:
- Contextual sensitivity is paramount when proposing improvements to EIA systems, particularly in developing nations.
- Focusing on capacity building and awareness is a more pragmatic approach to enhancing Iran's EIA effectiveness than immediate legislative reform.
- Long-term strengthening of EIA legislation in Iran is achievable through sustained efforts in human and environmental capacity development.
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