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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.2K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

266
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

175
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

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Obesity and Cardioprotection.

Saveria Femminò1, Pasquale Pagliaro1,2, Claudia Penna1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|March 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity and diabetes increase cardiovascular risks, leading to heart failure. The "obesity paradox" in heart failure patients requires further study to understand obesity

Keywords:
Heart failureNLRP3 inflammasomeinflammationischemia/reperfusionmetabolic syndromeobesity paradox.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Rising global incidence of obesity and diabetes.
  • Obesity and metabolic syndrome are linked to cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension and inflammation.
  • These factors contribute to ischemic heart disease and heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection in obesity.
  • To examine the
  • obesity paradox
  • and inflammation's role in heart failure exacerbation.
  • To identify critical metabolic alterations in obesity's cardiovascular effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advances in ischemia/reperfusion injury mechanisms.
  • Consideration of cardioprotection mechanisms in obese versus lean individuals.
  • Analysis of the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammation-driven heart failure.

Main Results:

  • Cardioprotection resistance may correlate with obesity severity.
  • The
  • obesity paradox
  • in heart failure is potentially confounded by younger age in obese patients.
  • Inflammation, mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome, exacerbates heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to clarify the complex relationship between obesity, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding metabolic alterations is crucial for determining obesity's beneficial and detrimental effects.
  • NLRP3 inflammasome is a potential therapeutic target for heart failure.