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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials
Published on: July 18, 2025
Phase-Change Hyperbolic Heterostructures for Nanopolaritonics: A Case Study of hBN/VO2
Siyuan Dai1, Jiawei Zhang2, Qiong Ma3
1Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.
Abstract:
Unlike conventional plasmonic media, polaritonic van der Waals (vdW) materials hold promise for active control of light-matter interactions. The dispersion relations of elementary excitations such as phonons and plasmons can be tuned in layered vdW systems via stacking using functional substrates. In this work, infrared nanoimaging and nanospectroscopy of hyperbolic phonon polaritons are demonstrated in a novel vdW heterostructure combining hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and vanadium dioxide (VO2 ). It is observed that the insulator-to-metal transition in VO2 has a profound impact on the polaritons in the proximal hBN layer. In effect, the real-space propagation of hyperbolic polaritons and their spectroscopic resonances can be actively controlled by temperature. This tunability originates from the effective change in local dielectric properties of the VO2 sublayer in the course of the temperature-tuned insulator-to-metal phase transition. The high susceptibility of polaritons to electronic phase transitions opens new possibilities for applications of vdW materials in combination with strongly correlated quantum materials.
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