[Fluorine emission list of China's key industries and soil fluorine concentration estimation.]

Industry-induced fluorine emissions and high background values of fluorine in soil lead to serious fluorine pollution in some regions of China, posing a serious threat to ecological security and human health. Based on the production capacity of China's key industries contributing to fluorine emission, we estimated the fluorine emissions of key industries and built a fluorine emission list in China. Based on data integration and fusion, the soil fluorine background value, fluorine geochemical distribution and soil fluorine concentration distribution in China were analyzed. Then, the causes and control of fluorine pollution in typical areas were analyzed. The results showed that productions of steel, phosphorus fertilizers and electrolytic aluminum were the key industries for fluorine emissions in China. The highest fluorine emission was from the application of phosphorus fertilizers. Due to the huge area of P application, its contribution to soil fluorine concentration was negligible. Electrolytic aluminum production resulted in a high intensity of fluorine emission. A high amount of fluorine was discharged with steel industry production, with low emission intensity. In most parts of China, the soil fluorine background value is low and the environmental capacity is large. In some areas of China, however, fluorine pollution is serious, mainly due to industrial fluorine emissions and high background values of fluorine in soil. These regions should take corresponding prevention and control measures.