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Opportunities for Building-Scale Urine Diversion and Challenges for Implementation.
Treavor H Boyer1, Daniella Saetta1
1School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment (SSEBE) , Arizona State University , PO Box 873005, Tempe , Arizona 85287-3005 , United States.
Accounts of Chemical Research
|March 26, 2019
Summary
Urine diversion offers sustainable water conservation and nutrient recovery by separating urine at the building scale. This approach addresses challenges in wastewater treatment and resource management for a more sustainable future.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Sustainability Studies
Background:
- Growing concerns over water scarcity and stringent wastewater regulations necessitate innovative solutions.
- Conventional wastewater treatment plants face capacity limitations and strain on water resources.
- Urine diversion (urine source separation) presents a sustainable alternative for water conservation and nutrient recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a vision for building-scale urine diversion systems.
- To clarify the opportunities and challenges associated with urine diversion implementation.
- To explore the potential of urine diversion for nutrient recovery and pharmaceutical sequestration.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on urine diversion technologies and challenges.
- Analysis of urine's composition (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pharmaceuticals) as drivers for technology development.
- Exploration of decentralized treatment approaches at the building scale.
Main Results:
- Urine diversion enables concentrated nutrient recovery and pharmaceutical sequestration at the source.
- Benefits extend to water conservation and reduced load on centralized wastewater treatment.
- Key challenges include nutrient recovery methods, collection/storage, economic viability, and user acceptance.
Conclusions:
- Building-scale urine diversion requires a paradigm shift towards source separation and decentralized treatment.
- Further research and technological advancements are crucial for widespread implementation.
- Integrating cyber-physical systems, reverse logistics, and sustainability transition principles can enhance system robustness.
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