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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

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Conceptual Framework for Assessing Ecosystem Health.

Mark A Harwell¹, John H Gentile¹, Larry D McKinney²

¹Harwell Gentile & Associates, LC, Port Orange, Florida, USA.

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management

|March 26, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new framework assesses Gulf of Mexico ecosystem health by identifying environmental drivers, pressures, and stressors. This Drivers-Pressures-Stressors-Condition-Responses (DPSCR4) model aids in evaluating restoration progress and informing management decisions.

Keywords:

Ecological indicators Ecosystem health Ecosystem restoration Human-ecological system Integrated assessments

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Area of Science:

* Ecological assessment and environmental management.
* Ecosystem health and sustainability evaluation.
* Integrated human-ecological systems modeling.

Background:

* The Gulf of Mexico's environment has been degraded by human activities over the past century.
* The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill highlighted the need for a comprehensive ecosystem assessment framework.
* Existing frameworks required integration to address the scale and complexity of the Gulf ecosystem.

Purpose of the Study:

* To develop an integrated assessment framework for characterizing Gulf of Mexico ecosystem health and sustainability.
* To identify natural and anthropogenic drivers, pressures, and stressors impacting ecosystems and their services.
* To establish indicators for ecological condition and progress toward health and sustainability goals.

Main Methods:

* Integrated previous ecological risk and environmental management frameworks.
* Developed the Drivers-Pressures-Stressors-Condition-Responses (DPSCR4) conceptual model.
* Incorporated a hierarchical structure for communicating results to diverse audiences.

Main Results:

* The DPSCR4 framework was developed to link drivers to ecological conditions and societal responses.
* Proof-of-concept studies included a Texas Coastal Ecosystems Report Card and a Mission-Aransas Reserve pilot study.
* The framework provides a comprehensive model of coupled human-ecological systems.

Conclusions:

* The DPSCR4 framework offers a structured approach to assess and manage complex ecosystems like the Gulf of Mexico.
* The framework is adaptable to various scales, ecosystem types, and environmental settings.
* This integrated model supports informed decision-making for environmental restoration and sustainability.