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Daylight Saving Time and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis
Roberto Manfredini1,2, Fabio Fabbian3,4, Rosaria Cappadona5,6
1Faculty of Medicine, Surgery and Prevention, University of Ferrara, via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy. roberto.manfredini@unife.it.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|March 27, 2019
Summary
Daylight saving time (DST) transitions are linked to a modest increase in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk, particularly after spring shifts. This finding supports reconsidering the practice of DST.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Chronobiology
Background:
- Limited and conflicting evidence exists on the cardiovascular effects of daylight saving time (DST) transitions.
- The risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) following DST shifts requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct the first meta-analysis evaluating the risk of AMI after DST transitions.
- To assess the impact of both spring and autumn DST shifts on AMI incidence.
Main Methods:
- A systematic search of MedLine and Scopus databases was performed for cohort or case-control studies.
- Meta-analyses were conducted on AMI incidence in adults following spring and/or autumn DST shifts.
- Data were stratified by gender and age, and combined using a generic inverse-variance approach.
Main Results:
- Seven studies involving over 115,000 subjects were analyzed.
- A significant increase in AMI risk (OR: 1.03) was observed within two weeks of spring or autumn DST transitions.
- The risk elevation was more pronounced after the spring shift (OR: 1.05), with no significant change after the autumn shift.
Conclusions:
- DST transitions are associated with a modest but significant increase in AMI risk.
- The findings support proposals to discontinue DST shifts.
- Further research controlling for confounders is needed to confirm these results.
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