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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.7K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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23.2K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.8K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.8K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

3.2K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
3.2K
Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

3.8K
Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
3.8K

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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates
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Bio-Based Polymers for 3D Printing of Bioscaffolds.

Elisa Yang1, Shida Miao1, Jing Zhong2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA.

Polymer Reviews (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|March 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers personalized biomedical solutions and custom tissue regeneration. Future innovations focus on bio-based polymers for advanced 3D bioprinting materials.

Keywords:
3D printingBio-based polymerCellulosePHASoy proteinSoybean oil

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) printing facilitates rapid development of customized bioconstructs.
  • This technology holds significant potential for creating intricate bioscaffolds for regenerative medicine.
  • Current limitations exist in material development for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review 3D printing techniques in biomedical applications.
  • To highlight the potential of novel bio-based polymers for 3D printing.
  • To discuss the future of 3D printing materials in clinical medicine and tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of 3D printing technologies.
  • Analysis of current limitations in 3D bioprinting.
  • Focus on bio-based printable polymers as feedstock.

Main Results:

  • 3D printing enables on-demand, personalized manufacturing of biomedical solutions.
  • Complex architectures and tailored geometries are achievable for bioscaffolds.
  • Bio-based printable polymers represent a key innovation for future applications.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing is revolutionizing regenerative medicine with personalized solutions.
  • Development of biocompatible and histiogenic bio-based polymers is crucial.
  • This technology paves the way for advanced clinical applications and tissue regeneration.