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Successful management of acquired left bronchial stenosis caused by massive atelectasis

Jun Miyahara1, Taku Ohhashi1, Hideyuki Nakashima1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
|March 27, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Severe acquired bronchial stenosis in an infant was successfully treated with conservative management for gastroesophageal reflux and atelectasis. This approach resolved bronchial narrowing, highlighting atelectasis as a potential cause.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Acquired bronchial stenosis in children is uncommon, often resulting from infection or granuloma formation secondary to prolonged intubation.
  • This case highlights a rare instance of severe acquired left bronchial stenosis in a premature infant.

Observation:

  • An infant born at 24 weeks gestation presented with respiratory failure at 8 months, exhibiting massive left lower lobe atelectasis and severe left bronchial stenosis on CT scan.
  • The infant's condition was linked to gastroesophageal reflux and atelectasis.

Findings:

  • Conservative management, including a duodenal tube for reflux and chest physiotherapy, effectively reduced atelectasis and resolved the bronchial stenosis.
  • The study suggests that bronchial shift caused by atelectasis can lead to acquired bronchial stenosis.

Implications:

  • Conservative management can successfully treat acquired bronchial stenosis in infants, particularly when associated with significant atelectasis.
  • Clinicians should consider atelectasis as a potential cause of acquired bronchial stenosis in pediatric patients with massive lung collapse.

Keywords:
Acquired bronchial stenosisatelectasisinfant

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