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Rapid maxillary expansion effects of nasal airway in children with cleft lip and palate using computational fluid

Tomonori Iwasaki1, Ayaka Yanagisawa-Minami1, Hokuto Suga1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-City, Japan.

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research
|March 27, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) significantly improved nasal airway ventilation in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). RME increased airflow and cross-sectional area on the cleft side, reducing nasal obstruction.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Craniofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) enhances nasal ventilation in non-cleft children.
  • Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is associated with nasal obstruction and increased risk of sleep apnea.
  • The impact of RME on nasal ventilation in UCLP patients remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate RME-induced changes in nasal airway ventilation parameters in UCLP children.
  • To assess the effects of RME on airflow, air pressure, air velocity, and nasal cross-sectional area (CSA) in UCLP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 19 UCLP patients undergoing RME.
  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans before and after RME.
  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of nasal airway ventilation parameters.

Main Results:

  • RME significantly reduced maximum pressure, air velocity, and nasal resistance in UCLP patients.
  • Airflow rate and nasal CSA on the cleft side significantly increased post-RME.
  • CFD analysis revealed substantial improvements in nasal ventilation.

Conclusions:

  • RME effectively improves nasal ventilation in children with UCLP.
  • Increased airflow and CSA on the cleft side contribute to enhanced nasal breathing.
  • RME is a valuable intervention for managing nasal obstruction in UCLP.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrencomputational fluid dynamicsnasal airwayrapid maxillary expansionunilateral cleft lip and palate

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