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Isolation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Porcine Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues
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Subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution and telomere length.

Harald Mangge1, Wilfried Renner1, Gunter Almer1

  • 1Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
|March 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Body fat distribution, particularly nuchal and hip subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), is linked to shorter leukocyte telomere length (RTL). This suggests central obesity may accelerate genomic aging in overweight and obese individuals.

Keywords:
BMIleukocyte telomere lengthobesitysubcutaneous adipose tissue distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Metabolic Health
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are linked to reduced life expectancy due to chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, stroke, and cancer.
  • Systemic inflammation and premature telomere shortening are potential mechanisms connecting obesity and chronic disease.
  • Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) distribution is a key factor in metabolic health and disease risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) distribution and leukocyte relative telomere length (RTL).
  • To identify specific SAT depots that are strongest predictors of RTL.
  • To explore the link between body fat composition and genomic aging.

Main Methods:

  • Leukocyte relative telomere length (RTL) was measured using qPCR in 375 participants from the STYJOBS/EDECTA cohort.
  • Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) distribution was assessed using lipometry, measuring percent body fat and SAT thickness at 15 body locations.
  • Correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to determine associations between RTL, body fat measures, and demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Relative telomere length (RTL) showed significant negative correlations with body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and various waist and hip circumference measures.
  • RTL was negatively associated with SAT thickness at numerous body locations, including the neck, abdomen, hips, and thighs.
  • Nuchal (neck) and hip SAT thickness emerged as the strongest predictors of RTL in stepwise regression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Relative telomere length (RTL) is negatively associated with overall body fat composition.
  • Specific SAT depots, notably nuchal and hip, are key predictors of RTL, indicating their role in biological aging.
  • Findings suggest that central obesity may be associated with premature genomic aging.