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Relation of Code Dates to Retail Milk Supply.

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Milk quality declines during refrigerated storage, failing bacterial standards by the code date. Extending the code period would not benefit consumers due to poor milk keeping quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Food science
  • Microbiology
  • Dairy science

Background:

  • Milk's shelf life is critical for consumer safety and satisfaction.
  • Refrigerated storage conditions significantly impact milk's bacterial load and sensory attributes.
  • Code dating practices in dairies influence perceived milk freshness and quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of refrigerated storage on milk quality over a 2-year period.
  • To evaluate milk's flavor and bacterial counts against established standards until the code date.
  • To determine if extending the code period would improve milk quality for consumers.

Main Methods:

  • Milk samples from Connecticut dairies were tested three times over two years.
  • Evaluated flavor and bacterial counts immediately post-bottling and after storage at 40°F and 45°F.
  • Compared results under variable (7-14 days) and uniform (10 days) code periods.

Main Results:

  • All milk met bacterial standards initially, but most failed after refrigerated storage to the code date.
  • At 40°F, over 90% met keeping quality standards, but only 28-42% met bacterial standards post-storage.
  • At 45°F, 55-87% met keeping quality, but less than 10% met bacterial standards post-storage.

Conclusions:

  • Refrigerated storage significantly degrades milk's bacterial quality, irrespective of the code period.
  • Current code periods do not guarantee bacterial safety by the sale date.
  • Extending milk code periods offers no advantage to consumers due to quality degradation.