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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease
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Carnosine and Diabetic Nephropathy.

Verena Peters1, Benito Yard2, Claus Peter Schmitt1

  • 1Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|March 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Carnosine, a natural compound, shows promise in protecting against diabetic nephropathy (DN) by reducing kidney damage. Supplementation improved kidney function in animal studies and early human trials, offering a potential new therapy for diabetes complications.

Keywords:
CNDP1 geneCarnosinediabetic nephropathyend-stage renal diseasehistidine-containing dipeptidespolymorphism.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients.
  • A polymorphism in the carnosinase 1 gene (CNDP1) is linked to reduced carnosine degradation and lower DN risk.
  • Carnosine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-glycation properties relevant to DN pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on carnosine metabolism in the context of diabetic nephropathy.
  • To highlight carnosine as a potential therapeutic target for DN.
  • To discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying carnosine's protective effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on carnosine, CNDP1 gene, and diabetic nephropathy.
  • Analysis of preclinical (rodent) and clinical (human) data on carnosine supplementation.
  • Synthesis of information on carnosine's biochemical properties and metabolic pathways.

Main Results:

  • Carnosine supplementation improved renal histology and function in diabetic rodents.
  • Studies in (pre-)diabetic patients suggest promising outcomes despite carnosine's short plasma half-life.
  • A genetic link (CNDP1 polymorphism) supports carnosine's role in DN risk reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Carnosine metabolism plays a significant role in diabetic nephropathy.
  • Carnosine's multifaceted protective properties warrant further investigation as a therapeutic strategy for DN.
  • Understanding the precise molecular mechanisms of carnosine action is crucial for its clinical application.