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Severe Occupational Asthma: Insights From a Multicenter European Cohort
Olivier Vandenplas1, Julien Godet2, Laura Hurdubaea3
1Department of Chest Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL Namur, Université Catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|March 28, 2019
Summary
Occupational asthma (OA) severity is often overlooked. This study found that 16.2% of OA cases were severe, linked to factors like persistent exposure and low education.
Area of Science:
- Occupational medicine
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Sensitizer-induced occupational asthma (OA) is a significant cause of adult asthma.
- The severity of occupational asthma has not been extensively studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the burden of severe occupational asthma.
- To identify determinants of severe occupational asthma in a large multicenter cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 997 subjects with OA from 20 European centers (2006-2015).
- OA was confirmed by positive specific inhalation challenge.
- Severe asthma defined by high treatment needs, frequent reliever use, recent exacerbations, or airflow obstruction.
Main Results:
- 16.2% of subjects had severe OA.
- Severe OA associated with persistent occupational exposure, longer disease duration, low education, childhood asthma, and sputum production.
- Among those removed from exposure, severe OA linked to sputum production, low education, and obesity.
Conclusions:
- A substantial proportion of occupational asthma cases are severe.
- Potentially modifiable risk factors for severe OA were identified, suggesting targets for intervention.
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