Progress toward Equitably Managed Protected Areas in Aichi Target 11: A Global Survey

Area of Science:

• Conservation Biology
• Environmental Policy
• Social Equity in Protected Areas

Background:

• The Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11 mandated social equity in protected area (PA) management by 2020.
• Progress towards integrating social equity into PA management remains inadequately documented globally.
• This study addresses the gap in evidence regarding the implementation of equitable practices in PAs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the extent to which social equity has been incorporated into the management of protected areas worldwide.
• To identify specific challenges hindering the achievement of equitable protected area management.
• To provide foundational data for reporting on Aichi Target 11 and informing future conservation targets (2020-2030).

Main Methods:

• A global survey was conducted involving PA managers, staff, and community representatives.
• Data were collected from 225 protected areas worldwide.
• The survey assessed progress against 10 equity criteria, including benefit/burden distribution, rights recognition, knowledge systems, and participation.

Main Results:

• More than 50% of respondents reported significant challenges in achieving equitable PA management.
• Key areas of concern include effective participation in decision-making, transparent procedures, and access to justice.
• Recognition of local people's rights and diverse knowledge systems also presents substantial challenges.

Conclusions:

• Significant obstacles persist in implementing social equity within protected area management globally.
• Addressing participation, transparency, justice, and rights recognition is crucial for equitable PA governance.
• These findings are vital for evaluating progress on Aichi Target 11 and shaping future conservation goals.