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Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Microparticle-Mediated Cellular Injury in Cardiovascular Complications Associated

Tarek Benameur1, Aisha Osman2, Aijaz Parray3

  • 1College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
|March 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Microparticles (MPs), vesicles from cells, are biomarkers for cell activation and involved in intercellular communication. This review details their role in diabetes-related cardiovascular complications and cellular injury.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Microparticles (MPs) are heterogeneous vesicles (100-1,000 nm) shed from cell membranes, found in body fluids and tissues.
  • MPs carry cell-specific proteins and antigens, serving as biomarkers for cell activation due to their detectability.
  • They act as paracrine vehicles, mediating intercellular communication and transmitting biological messages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of MPs in cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.
  • To discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological role of MPs in diabetes-induced cellular injury.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on microparticles and diabetes.
  • Analysis of studies linking circulating MPs to cardiovascular and metabolic disturbances.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms of MP action in diabetes.

Main Results:

  • Elevated plasma MP levels are associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and inflammation.
  • MPs contribute to adverse cardiovascular function in conditions linked to diabetes.
  • MPs play a role in the onset and progression of cellular injury in diabetic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Microparticles are implicated in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of MPs is crucial for addressing diabetes-related cellular injury and cardiovascular issues.

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