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Feeding Patterns and Parental Perceptions of Feeding Issues of Preterm Infants in the First 2 Years of Life
Tsu-Hsin Howe1, Ching-Fan Sheu2, Tien-Ni Wang3
1Tsu-Hsin Howe, PhD, OTR, FAOTA, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University.
Insights
Parental feeding practices differ for preterm infants, who experience feeding issues and increased maternal distress. These feeding challenges are linked to parenting stress, particularly when introducing solid foods.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Psychology
- Maternal Health
Background:
- Preterm infants often face unique feeding challenges in early development.
- Parental feeding practices significantly influence infant nutrition and development.
- Maternal distress can impact parenting and infant outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate feeding practices and issues in preterm infants during the first two years of life.
- To examine the relationship between feeding problems and maternal distress in preterm infants.
- To compare feeding experiences of preterm and full-term infants.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 420 mothers (239 preterm, 181 full-term infants).
- Utilized the Behavior-Based Feeding Questionnaire for Infants With Premature History.
- Employed the Parenting Stress Index-Chinese Version to measure maternal distress.
Main Results:
- Preterm infants showed delayed introduction to solid foods and limited food variety compared to full-term infants.
- Parenting stress was common among parents of preterm infants.
- Feeding issues in preterm infants correlated with higher levels of parenting stress, especially during the introduction of supplementary foods.
Conclusions:
- Preterm infants have distinct feeding trajectories and challenges.
- Parenting stress is a significant factor associated with feeding difficulties in preterm infants.
- Early identification and support for feeding issues and maternal stress are crucial for preterm infant development.
Abstract:
We explored parental feeding practices, feeding issues during the first 2 yr of life, and the relationship between feeding issues and levels of maternal distress in preterm infants. Four hundred twenty mothers (239 with preterm infants, 181 with full-term infants) participated in the study. The Behavior-Based Feeding Questionnaire for Infants With Premature History and the Parenting Stress Index-Chinese Version were used as the two outcome measures. The results indicated that preterm infants had different feeding experiences compared with their full-term counterparts. They tended to start solid food later in life and had limited experiences in food variation. Parenting stress was prevalent in parents with preterm infants and was associated with the frequency of feeding issues, especially at later ages when supplementary foods were being introduced.
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