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An Insight into the Roles of MicroRNAs and Exosomes in Sarcoma

Isaku Kohama1,2, Nobuyoshi Kosaka3,4,5, Hirotaka Chikuda6

  • 1Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. ikohama@ncc.go.jp.

Cancers
|March 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and exosomes are crucial in sarcoma progression and metastasis. Targeting these molecules shows promise for novel sarcoma biomarkers and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sarcomas are rare cancers with high mortality, often driven by tumor progression.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression involved in cancer development.
  • Exosomes, secreted vesicles carrying miRNAs, play a role in intercellular communication and cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of miRNAs and exosomes in sarcoma.
  • To highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for sarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNAs, exosomes, and sarcoma.
  • Analysis of exosome biogenesis, cargo, and intercellular transfer mechanisms.
  • Examination of miRNA and exosome involvement in sarcoma progression and metastasis.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs and exosomes are implicated in sarcoma development and progression.
  • Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication, influencing the tumor microenvironment and premetastatic niche formation.
  • Specific miRNAs and exosome-related pathways are potential targets for sarcoma therapy.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs and exosomes are significant factors in sarcoma biology.
  • Targeting miRNAs and exosomes offers a promising avenue for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for sarcoma.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate their roles and clinical applications.
Keywords:
cancerexosomemetastasismicroRNAsarcoma

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