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Somatic support cells regulate germ cell survival through the Baz/aPKC/Par6 complex.

Susanna E Brantley1, Margaret T Fuller2

  • 1Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|March 29, 2019
PubMed
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Somatic cyst cells guide germ cell development in Drosophila. The apical polarity complex in these cells prevents Jun-kinase (JNK) pathway overactivation, ensuring germ cell survival during meiosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cellular microenvironments provide crucial signals for tissue development.
  • In Drosophila, male germ cells depend on somatic cyst cells for support and co-differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the apical polarity complex in somatic cyst cells for germ cell survival.
  • To identify the molecular mechanisms by which cyst cells influence germ cell fate.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic knockdown of the Baz/aPKC/Par6 apical polarity complex in Drosophila somatic cyst cells.
  • Analysis of germ cell survival and proliferation at different developmental stages.
  • Investigating the involvement of the Jun-kinase (JNK) pathway and Rab35.

Main Results:

  • Loss of apical polarity complex function in cyst cells led to stage-specific death of enclosed spermatocytes during meiotic prophase.
  • This cell death was preceded by overactivation of the JNK pathway in cyst cells.
  • Restoring JNK pathway or Rab35 function rescued spermatocyte survival, implicating intracellular trafficking.

Conclusions:

  • The apical polarity complex in somatic cyst cells is essential for germ cell survival by suppressing JNK pathway activation.
  • Cyst cell-mediated germ cell death involves JNK signaling and intracellular trafficking mechanisms.