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Nonsteroidal substances that affect serum free testosterone.

E S Umstot, R N Andersen

    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry
    |August 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nonsteroidal substances like fatty acids and calcium significantly impact free testosterone (FT) levels by affecting testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG). Maintaining physiological sodium and calcium levels is crucial for accurate FT measurement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Biochemistry
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Steroid hormones influence free testosterone (FT) by competing for testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG).
    • The impact of endogenous nonsteroidal substances on FT levels remains largely uninvestigated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of endogenous nonsteroidal substances on free testosterone levels.
    • To determine the influence of pH, fatty acids, ketone bodies, sodium, and calcium on testosterone binding.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized equilibrium dialysis to assess the binding of testosterone.
    • Investigated the effects of varying concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, ketone bodies, sodium, and calcium ions.
    • Analyzed the relationship between pH and percent free testosterone (pFT).

    Main Results:

    • Nonesterified fatty acids (0.9 mM) increased FT by approximately 10% at pH 7.4.
    • Fatty acids were found to be the primary cause of increased pFT with decreasing pH due to competition for TeBG.
    • Ketone bodies elevated FT by 7.5% only at diabetic ketoacidosis levels.
    • Low calcium levels (0.03 mM) significantly impacted testosterone binding to TeBG, with 1.0 mM EGTA raising FT by 75%.

    Conclusions:

    • Dialysis conditions, including temperature, duration, preservatives, and buffer composition, can affect FT measurements.
    • Physiological concentrations of sodium and calcium in dialysis buffers are essential for accurate free testosterone determination.
    • Nonsteroidal substances, particularly fatty acids and calcium, play a significant role in modulating free testosterone levels.

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