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Psychometric Properties of the Parent and Child Problem Areas in Diabetes Measures

Meredyth A Evans1, Lindsey E G Weil2, Jenna B Shapiro3

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
|March 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

New scales reliably measure diabetes distress in children (PAID-C) and their parents (P-PAID-C). These tools can help clinicians assess emotional well-being and guide treatment for type 1 diabetes management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes management presents daily challenges for children and parents, often leading to significant emotional distress.
  • A validated tool is needed to measure this distress and inform clinical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale adapted for children (PAID-C) and their parents (P-PAID-C).
  • To establish the reliability and validity of these measures for assessing diabetes-specific emotional distress in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 804 children (ages 8-12) and 968 parents from 42 US diabetes camps.
  • Participants completed measures of diabetes distress, strengths, and self-care skills.
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to validate the PAID-C and P-PAID-C scales.

Main Results:

  • The PAID-C is an 11-item, two-factor measure (Cronbach's α=.91), and the P-PAID-C is a 16-item measure (Cronbach's α=.92).
  • Both scales showed positive correlations with HbA1c and negative correlations with diabetes-related strengths and self-care skills, demonstrating criterion validity.

Conclusions:

  • The PAID-C and P-PAID-C are reliable and valid instruments for assessing diabetes-specific emotional distress in children with type 1 diabetes and their parents.
  • These measures can be utilized in routine clinical assessments to guide decision-making and improve patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
childdiabetes mellitusemotional stresssurveys and questionnairestype 1

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