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Related Concept Videos

Schemas01:42

Schemas

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Related Experiment Video

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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

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An Update.

K M Johnson1

  • 1Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Food Science and Technology, Geneva, New York 14456.

Journal of Food Protection
|March 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacillus cereus causes foodborne illness with vomiting or diarrhea due to toxins. This review covers Bacillus cereus gastroenteritis, toxins, sources, and prevention strategies for food safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Bacillus cereus is a bacterium responsible for two types of foodborne gastroenteritis: emetic (vomiting) and diarrheal.
  • The emetic syndrome is often linked to rice consumption, while the diarrheal syndrome has a longer incubation period.
  • Bacillus cereus infections, including mastitis, highlight its versatility as a pathogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of Bacillus cereus gastroenteritis.
  • To discuss the toxins responsible for the distinct syndromes.
  • To explore sources, survival, growth, enumeration, and prevention of Bacillus cereus.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Bacillus cereus research.
  • Analysis of toxin mechanisms and associated symptoms.
  • Examination of factors influencing bacterial survival and growth in food.

Main Results:

  • Bacillus cereus produces toxins causing rapid-onset vomiting (4h) or delayed diarrhea (10-12h).
  • Spore heat resistance and nonfastidious growth requirements enable survival in diverse food matrices.
  • Strain, food type, and environmental factors may influence the specific illness syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Bacillus cereus poses a significant food safety risk due to its potent toxins and resilience.
  • Understanding bacterial characteristics is crucial for effective prevention and control of foodborne illness.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the factors determining the specific syndrome in outbreaks.