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Risk of digital ulcers occurrence in systemic sclerosis: a cross-sectional study
Alex Magno Coelho Horimoto1, Albert Schiaveto de Souza2, Silvia Helena Rodrigues3
1Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller s/n°, Campo Grande, MS, Mato Grosso, do Sul, 79080-190, Brazil. clinicaactivite@gmail.com.
Advances in Rheumatology (London, England)
|March 30, 2019
Summary
Digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis (SSc) are linked to specific factors. Anti-Scl-70 antibodies, higher HAQ-DI scores, and capillary loss indicate increased risk for these painful complications.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Dermatology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Digital ulcers (DUs) are a common and debilitating complication in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
- Understanding the factors contributing to DU development is crucial for effective patient management and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical, serological, and capillaroscopic features associated with the presence of digital ulcers in patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis.
- To identify independent predictors of digital ulcer formation in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- A bicentric, cross-sectional study involving 70 patients with SSc was conducted.
- Data collection included demographic and clinical features, assessment of active DUs, and videocapillaroscopy.
- Multivariate analysis was employed to determine independent associations.
Main Results:
- Out of 70 SSc patients, 14 (20%) presented with active DUs.
- Multivariate analysis revealed that anti-Scl-70 antibodies, elevated Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) scores, and capillary loss score were independently associated with DUs.
- Odds ratios for these associations were 7.96, 55.77, and 16.66, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Avascular areas observed during capillaroscopy are significant indicators of DU risk.
- Elevated HAQ-DI scores and the presence of anti-Scl-70 antibodies are independent risk factors for digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis patients.
- These findings highlight key markers for identifying SSc patients at higher risk of developing digital ulcers.
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