Gender-based eye movement differences in passive indoor picture viewing: An eye-tracking study

Male and female brains have different structures, which can make genders produce various eye- movement patterns. This study presents the results of an eye tracking experiment in which we analyzed the eye movements of 25 male and 20 female participants during passive indoor picture viewing. We examined eye-movement parameters, namely fixation duration, scan path length, number of saccades, spatial density, saccade amplitude, and the ratio of total fixation duration to total saccade duration so as to investigate gender differences in eye-movement patterns while indoor picture viewing. We found significant differences in eye-movement patterns between genders. The results of eye-movement analysis also indicated that females showed more explorative gaze behavior, indicated by larger saccade amplitudes, and by longer scan paths. Furthermore, owing to shorter ratio of fixation durations to saccade duration in females as compared to male, we speculate that females inspect the images faster than males. In addition, we classified the genders into two subgroups-males and females-based on their eye-movement parameters by using a support vector machine classifier achieving an accuracy of 70%. We have come to the result males and females - with same culture - see the environment differently. Our findings have profound implications for researches employing gaze-based models.