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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The human cerebellum exhibits a prolonged developmental period, increasing susceptibility to neurological conditions.
  • While traditionally linked to motor control, the cerebellum also influences cognitive and emotional functions.
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders frequently present with motor deficits, suggesting cerebellar involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the cerebellum's role in both motor and non-motor functions.
  • To investigate the links between abnormal cerebellar development and major neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • To introduce the 'cerebellar connectome' as a framework for understanding cerebellar contributions to behavior and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and preclinical studies on cerebellar development and function.
  • Analysis of evidence linking cerebellar abnormalities to neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Conceptualization of the 'cerebellar connectome' model.

Main Results:

  • The cerebellum's extended development impacts its vulnerability to disorders.
  • Emerging evidence supports the cerebellum's role in cognition and emotion.
  • Specific neurodevelopmental disorders show potential links to aberrant cerebellar development.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal cerebellar development is implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • The 'cerebellar connectome' offers a framework to connect development, behavior, and disease.
  • Understanding cerebellar circuitry is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for neurological conditions.