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Review article: treatment options for functional dyspepsia.

Imke Masuy1, Lukas Van Oudenhove1, Jan Tack1

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Current treatments for functional dyspepsia offer limited efficacy and potential side effects. Exploring non-pharmacological options like herbal remedies and therapies is crucial for better symptom management in this common gastrointestinal disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Complementary Medicine

Background:

  • Functional dyspepsia (FD), encompassing epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome, is a widespread functional gastrointestinal disorder.
  • Existing therapeutic interventions for FD demonstrate limited efficacy and yield conflicting results, prompting exploration of alternative treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment strategies for functional dyspepsia.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and other relevant databases.
  • Studies evaluating the efficacy of various treatments for functional dyspepsia were identified and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Acid suppressive therapy showed variable efficacy (30%-70%), with proton pump inhibitors outperforming H2-antagonists.
  • Prokinetic agents and H. Pylori eradication demonstrated mixed results, while neuromodulators' efficacy remains unclear.
  • Herbal agents like peppermint oil (66%-91%) and iberogast (20%-95%) showed promise, alongside limited evidence for acupuncture and psychological therapies.

Conclusions:

  • No single therapy is universally effective or free from significant side effects for functional dyspepsia.
  • The heterogeneity of FD, lack of clear targets, and poor symptom-pathophysiology correlation complicate the development of novel treatments.