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Calf aversion to hot-iron disbudding.

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Even with local anesthetic, hot-iron disbudding is aversive for dairy calves. Calves avoided the disbudding pen, showing the procedure

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Dairy calves undergo routine disbudding using hot-iron cauterization.
  • Pain mitigation strategies like local anesthetics are used, but the procedure's aversiveness remains unclear.
  • Understanding calf aversion is crucial for improving animal welfare in agricultural practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the aversiveness of hot-iron disbudding in dairy calves, even when administered with a local anesthetic.
  • To compare the calf's behavioral response to disbudding versus a sham procedure using a place-conditioning paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • A place-conditioning paradigm was employed with three pens: two 'treatment' pens (disbudding and sham) and a central 'neutral' pen.
  • Calves experienced the disbudding procedure in one pen and a sham procedure in another, with a 6-hour recovery period.
  • Behavioral tests were conducted 48, 72, and 96 hours post-procedure, measuring time spent in each pen and lying behavior.

Main Results:

  • Calves spent significantly less time in the treatment pens compared to the neutral pen.
  • Calves spent less time in the pen associated with hot-iron disbudding than the sham pen, particularly in early tests.
  • Calves were less likely to lie down in the disbudding pen, indicating avoidance.

Conclusions:

  • Hot-iron disbudding, even with local anesthetic, is a salient and aversive experience for dairy calves.
  • The findings highlight the need for refining or replacing current disbudding methods to improve calf welfare.
  • Behavioral evidence confirms the negative impact of disbudding, emphasizing the importance of pain management and alternative techniques.