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Related Concept Videos

Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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COP Coated Vesicles00:59

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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

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Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Precipitation Reactions03:10

Precipitation Reactions

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In a precipitation reaction, aqueous solutions of soluble salts react to give an insoluble ionic compound – the precipitate. The reaction occurs when oppositely charged ions in solution overcome their attraction for water and bind to each other, forming a precipitate that separates out from the solution. Since such reactions involve the exchange of ions between ionic compounds in aqueous solution, they are also referred to as double displacement, double replacement, exchange reactions, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
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Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

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[Silver coating on tumour prostheses].

J Friesenbichler1, M Bergovec2, W Maurer-Ertl2

  • 1Univ. Klinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036, Graz, Österreich. joerg.friesenbichler@medunigraz.at.

Der Orthopade
|March 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silver coatings on megaprostheses may reduce revision rates for septic complications in high-risk patients. While generally safe, local argyria is a possible side effect, and further long-term studies are needed.

Keywords:
AgyriaBone cancerEndoprosthesisLimb salvageRevision surgery

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Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
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Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Modular endoprostheses (megaprostheses) are crucial for limb salvage surgery after tumor resection and revision arthroplasty.
  • Periprosthetic infection remains a significant complication despite advancements in surgical techniques and quality management.
  • Silver coatings are being investigated as a potential strategy to mitigate infection risk in these implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on silver coatings in joint arthroplasty.
  • To evaluate the impact of silver coatings on infection rates, patient outcomes, and safety.
  • To specifically assess the role of silver in megaprostheses for tumor surgery and revision cases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of the PubMed database.
  • Focus on studies investigating silver coatings in joint arthroplasty.
  • Analysis of data concerning infection rates, revision rates, and patient safety.

Main Results:

  • Silver coatings demonstrate a beneficial role in reducing septic complications and revision rates for megaprostheses.
  • This benefit is particularly noted in tumor resections with compromised soft tissue or in multimorbid, high-risk patients.
  • Compared to uncoated implants, silver-coated megaprostheses show improved outcomes regarding infection control.

Conclusions:

  • Silver coatings appear to be safe, with local argyria as the primary noted side effect.
  • Monitoring of blood or serum silver levels is recommended.
  • Further long-term studies are essential to confirm the efficacy and safety profile of silver coatings in megaprostheses.