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The Microbiome in Paediatric Crohn's Disease-A Longitudinal, Prospective, Single-Centre Study
Shivani Kansal1,2,3, Anthony G Catto-Smith3,4, Karen Boniface2
1Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of Crohn'S & Colitis
|March 31, 2019
Summary
The gut microbiome in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) patients does not return to a healthy state during remission or relapse. Specific bacterial species are associated with different disease states in pediatric CD.
Area of Science:
- Microbiome research
- Gastroenterology
- Pediatric immunology
Background:
- The gut mucosa is a primary site of inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD).
- Limited data exists on the gut mucosal microbiome during CD relapse and remission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize specific changes in the gut microbiome during relapse and remission.
- To analyze a large, single-center pediatric CD cohort with longitudinal sampling.
Main Methods:
- Microbiome analysis of 345 biopsies from 204 patients (88 CD first diagnosis, 38 relapse, 12 remission, 66 controls).
- Species identification using oligotyping and ARB/SILVA taxonomic annotation.
Main Results:
- 45 bacteria differed significantly between CD first diagnosis and control samples; Fusobacterium was most implicated.
- Gender-specific differences in CD were observed.
- Five species associated with CD relapse, 10 with CD remission; Hespellia porcina linked to relapse; Fusobacterium not associated with relapse.
Conclusions:
- This is the first longitudinal study of the gut mucosal microbiome in a pediatric CD cohort.
- Microbiome in CD remission did not revert to a healthy control state.
- Microbiome in CD relapse did not return to the CD first diagnosis profile.