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Is Transient Global Amnesia a Network Disease?

Kang Min Park1, Byung In Lee1, Sung Eun Kim2

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.

European Neurology
|April 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Transient global amnesia (TGA) involves altered brain network hubs, particularly in the default-mode network, suggesting TGA is a network disorder. White matter microstructure remained unaffected in TGA patients compared to controls.

Keywords:
Diffusion tensor imagingGraph theory analysisMagnetic resonance imagingTransient global amnesia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a neurological condition characterized by sudden, temporary memory loss.
  • The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of TGA are not fully understood.
  • Brain network alterations and white matter integrity are potential factors in TGA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain network organization using graph theoretical analysis in TGA patients.
  • To assess microstructural abnormalities of white matter in TGA using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
  • To explore the relationship between network changes and TGA pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans were performed on 20 TGA patients and healthy controls.
  • Graph theory analysis was applied to DTI data to derive network measures.
  • Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to analyze white matter microstructure.

Main Results:

  • Global network topology did not differ between TGA patients and controls.
  • Significant differences were observed in network hubs organization, including lower strength, cluster coefficient, betweenness centrality, and PageRank centrality in TGA patients.
  • No significant differences in white matter fractional anisotropy or mean diffusivity were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • TGA is associated with a reorganization of brain network hubs, especially within the default-mode network.
  • These network alterations may contribute to the pathophysiology of TGA.
  • The findings suggest TGA can be considered a network disease.